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What is the magnitude of vibration shocks in the upper, middle, and lower parts of the wagon in which the cargo is secured during transportation?

The magnitude of vibration shocks to which the upper, middle and lower parts of the cargo are subjected when it is fixed in the carriage during transportation can vary. This depends mainly on factors such as the way the goods are fixed, the structure of the compartment, the type of means of transportation and the road conditions during travel.

Basic concepts of vibration shock

Vibration is the periodic mechanical vibration of substances and objects, usually of medium to high frequency and low amplitude. Vibration is described by its frequency and defines the maximum acceleration to which a device is subjected. Shock, on the other hand, is a short-term period in which an object is subjected to a significant change in velocity (acceleration), which occurs, for example, when an object hits the ground and suddenly decelerates after a vehicle has braked sharply or a load has fallen during transportation. Shock is specified as a multiple of the acceleration due to gravity g = 9.81m/s².

Vibration shock analysis of different parts

Upper part

The upper part of the load is usually subject to less vibration impact because it is farther away from the bottom of the vehicle and is subject to relatively low direct impact forces. However, if the cargo is not secured properly, the upper part of the cargo may “lift off” during vehicle operation, subjecting the contents of the package to repeated shocks. In particular, when the vehicle encounters bumps in the course of traveling or emergency braking, the upper cargo may move forward or backward due to inertia, resulting in collision and damage.

Central part

The central cargo is subject to relatively large vibration impacts because it is in the middle of the cargo pile and is susceptible to squeezing and friction from the upper and lower cargo layers. During vehicle movement, the middle cargo may be displaced laterally and longitudinally by the vibration of the vehicle, resulting in collision and abrasion between the cargoes. In addition, if the packaging of the cargo is not strong enough, the central cargo may be deformed or damaged due to vibration.

Lower part

The lower cargo is subject to the greatest vibration impact because it is in direct contact with the bottom of the compartment and receives the most direct impact. During vehicle movement, the lower cargo may be displaced by the vibration of the vehicle, resulting in collision and abrasion between the cargo and the bottom of the compartment. In addition, if the cargo is not secured in an appropriate manner, the lower cargo may loosen or fall off due to vibration, resulting in loss or damage to the cargo.

Factors affecting the size of vibration shocks

Cargo securing method

The way the cargo is fixed has a significant effect on the magnitude of vibration impact. If the goods are firmly fixed, it can effectively reduce the displacement and collision of the goods during transportation, thus reducing the size of vibration impact. On the contrary, if the cargo is not firmly fixed, it is easy to be displaced and collided during transportation, resulting in an increase in vibration impact.

Wagon Structure

The structure of the wagon also affects the amount of vibration impact on the cargo. For example, the suspension system of the carriage plays an important role in mitigating the effects of cargo vibration. Older or poorly equipped carriers often lack effective suspension systems, increasing the probability of cargo vibration.

Types of Transportation Vehicles

The magnitude of vibration shocks generated by different types of means of transportation varies during travel. For example, compared to railroad transportation and road transportation, the vibration impact of railroad transportation is relatively small, because the railroad track is relatively flat, and the vehicle travels more smoothly. Road transportation, on the other hand, produces large vibration shocks during vehicle movement due to uneven road surfaces.

Road conditions

Road conditions are another important factor affecting the size of the vibration impact of the cargo. If the road condition is poor, the vehicle traveling process will produce large bumps and vibration, resulting in increased vibration impact on the goods. On the contrary, if the road condition is good, the vibration impact generated during the vehicle traveling is relatively small.

Measures to reduce vibration shocks

In order to reduce the vibration impact on the goods during transportation, the following measures can be taken:

Optimize cargo fixation: Use suitable fixation devices, such as ropes, steel belts, pallets, etc., to ensure that the cargo will not be displaced and collided during transportation.

Improve the structure of carriages: Regularly check and maintain the suspension system of carriages to ensure that it can effectively mitigate the impact of cargo vibration.

Choose suitable means of transportation: according to the nature of the goods and transportation requirements, choose suitable means of transportation, such as railroad transportation, road transportation or air transportation.

Optimize transport routes: Choose transport routes with better road conditions to reduce the bumps and vibrations generated during vehicle movement.

Use of cushioning materials: use cushioning materials between the goods and the carriages, such as foam, air cushion, etc., which can effectively absorb the vibration impact and protect the goods from damage.

In summary, when cargo is fixed in a carriage, the vibration impacts on the upper, middle and lower parts of the cargo will be different in magnitude. In order to reduce the vibration impacts on goods during transportation, a series of measures need to be taken, including optimizing the fixing method of goods, improving the structure of carriages, choosing suitable means of transportation, optimizing the transportation routes, and using cushioning materials.